Me pēhea te whakapiki a te pūhāha puehu i te whaihua o ngā tukanga ahumahi: aratohu mātanga

Ka whakararu te pūpū i ngā tukanga hanga, ā, ka puta he hapa ki ngā paparanga mata. Ka aukati hoki i te whakakī tika i ngā ipu i ngā taiao ahumahi. He mea hira ngā whakahiotanga paura whakakore pūpū hei whakaoti i ēnei wero, otirā mō ngā hua paura pērā i ngā hopi horoi me ngā rauemi hanga whare.

Kua ako mātou me whakamahi rongoā motuhake ki ngā kai paura kia tukatukahia ai rātou i te huarahi whai hua. Kua riro ngā matū whakakore pūrepo hei āwhina tukatuka nui, hei tāpiri hoki i roto i ngā whakahiotanga maha mō te tiaki kāinga. Ka puta he ngoikoretanga i ngā pūpū hau i roto i ngā rauemi hanga pērā i te simenta, te morata me te whakapiri taira. Ka taea e ēnei ngoikoretanga te aukati i ngā mahi e whai ake nei, ā, tērā pea ka whakararuraru i te pumau o te hanganga.

Ka whakamārama tēnei tuhinga me pēhea te mahi a ngā pūhāngū puehu me ngā mea i hangaia ai. Ka ako koe mō ā rātou whakamahinga i ngā umanga o ngā momo katoa. Ka tiro hohonu hoki mātou ki ngā take e pai ake ai ēnei hanganga ki ngā kamupene maha i ngā antifoam hinu, emulsion me te kirīmi e rangatira ana i te mākete o nāianei. Me mōhio te hunga e mahi ana ki te whakapai ake i ngā tukanga ahumahi mā ngā rauemi paura ki ēnei kaiwhakakore pahū motuhake kia tutuki ai te whaihua nui rawa.

Kohinga me te pūnaha tuku o te pūhā whakakore puehu

Ka whakakotahitia e ngā kai whakakore pūrewa paura ngā matū whakakore pūrewa i runga i te hinu me ngā kaikawe matūriki, ko te nuinga he silica. Mā tō rātou hanganga motuhake e āwhina kia noho pumau i te maroke, ā, ka whakahohehia anake i te makuku. He hanganga pērā i te pūhā ngā kaikawe, ā, he kohao kei waenga i te 10 me te 150 nm. Mā ēnei kohao iti e waihanga ngā kaha kapihanga kaha, ā, ka tino whai hua te ngongo wai.

Me āta whakahaere te tukanga hanga. Ka werohia e ngā kaihanga ngā wāhanga wai ki runga i ngā kaikawe kirikiri i roto i ngā miihini motuhake, pērā i ngā momo pīrori me ngā momo pāti. Mā tēnei tukanga mārie e tiaki ana i te hanganga porowhita, kia pai ai te mahi a ngā kaiwāwā puehu. Ka taea e ngā kaha whakaranu kaha te whakangaro i tēnei hanganga, ā, ka whakaiti i te nui o te wai ka ngongoia, ā, ka pā kino ki tōna mahi.

Ka tino whai hua ēnei whakahiotanga ki ngā ngota silica ārai-wai e whakapiki nui ana i te kaha whakakore pūpū. Mā te tāpiri noa i te 5% o te SIPERNAT® D10 ārai-wai ki te hinu polydimethylsiloxane ka puta ngā hua ōrite me te 30 μl, kaua ko te 150 μl o te hinu mā. Ka whawhai ngā ngota ki te pahū mā te whakararu i te hononga mata, arā te dewetting, ina ka neke ake te koki whakapā ki te mata hau-wai i te 90°.

He iti noa te rahinga o ngā pūhara whakakore pūpū paura e hiahiatia ana kia mahi – tata ki te 0.05–0.61 TP3T o te ranunga maroke. He māmā te whakaranu, ā, he pai te whakahaere i ngā pūpū iti, ā, ka ū tonu ki ngā pūnaha rerekē. Ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakarite i ēnei whakahiotanga kia mahi i ngā āhuatanga maha, mai i te waikawa ki te alkali, ki te taurite, ā, tae noa ki ngā pāmahana iti.

Ngā wero o te pahū ahumahi me te mahi matū whakakore pahū

Ka puta he raruraru nui i ngā tukanga ahumahi maha nā te pahū kāore e hiahiatia. He hiahia kia whakahaerehia te pahū i ētahi tono, engari ka puta he raruraru whakahaere nui nā te hanga pahū ohorere. Ina riro te mana o te pahū, ka roa ngā wā huringa o ngā raina whakaputa, ka heke te hua, ā, ka piki ngā utu whakahaere.

Ka mau te hau hei pūpū iti puta noa i ngā wai, ā, ka puta he āhua kapua i mua i tōna huri hei pahū mata. Ka kino ēnei pūpū hau mau ki ngā taputapu mā ngā tukanga pērā i te kavitation. Ka pakaru ngā pūpū i raro i te pēhanga, ā, ka waihanga i ngā jet iti whakangaro e kino ana ki ngā mata o te papu.

Ka mahi ngā kai whakakore pūpū mā ngā mātāpono matū taketake. Ko ngā kai whakakore puehu tino whaihua he tino iti te pūngatete mata—e 21 mNm⁻¹ te ine o ngā silikona—ā, nā konei ka tere ake te horapa ki runga i ngā mata puehu. Ka pakaru ngā ngota o te kai whakakore puehu i ngā kiriata tautoko e karapoti ana i ngā pūpū hau. Ka waihangatia e rātou he “pānga whakawhiti” e whakaiti ana i te matotoru o ēnei kiriata kia pakaru rānei.

Ka horahia te puehu whakakore pahū ki runga i te mata o te pahū, ā, ka karapoti i ngā pūpū. Mā tēnei mahi ka panaia te kiriata tautū i te rohe hononga kia wehe, ā, ka pahū te pūpū. He pai ake te mahi a ēnei whakakore pahū nā te mea kāore rātou e rewa i roto i te wāhi pahū. Ka hanga rātou i ngā ngota wai motuhake hei whāinga, hei whakakore i ngā hanganga pahū, ā, kāore e whakaputa anō i te pahū.

Ngā Whakamahinga Matua o ngā Kaiwhakakore Pūhuki Pūhuka puta noa i ngā Ahumahi

Ka āwhina ngā kai whakakore pūhū i ngā ahumahi maha, ā, ka whakapiki i te whaihua o te whakaputa me te kounga o ngā hua. I roto i te ahumahi hanga whare, Ka whakakore ēnei whakahiotanga motuhake i ngā pūpū kino e whakararuraru ana i te pakari o te hanganga. Ko ngā rahinga 0.05–0.20% ia taumaha ranunga maroke e tino whai hua ana mō ngā whakapiri taira, ngā paparanga whakatikatika aunoa, ngā mōtarā whakatikatika me ngā kirīmi.

I te hanga hopi horoi, I whakahaere mātou i te hanga pūpū, ā, i tiakina tonu te whaihua horoi. Ka aukati ēnei kaiwhakakore pūpū i te nui rawa o te pūpū kia kore ai e pā kino ki te mahi o te mīhini horoi, ā, ka whakaahei i te rere pai ake o te wai, me te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga o te whakawhē. Nā te pumau o ā rātou hua, he mea hira ēnei ki ngā hua horoi o te kāinga.

Mō ngā tono tukatuka kai, Inā koa mēnā he kīhini arumoni āu, ka whakakaha ngā pūhui whakakore puehu i te hinu tunu hohonu, ā, ka aukati i ngā urupare pakaru kore hauora. Ka taea e ēnei whakahiotanga te whakaheke i ngā utu hinu e 25–40 ōrau, me te whakaiti i te whakamahinga pūngao.

Ngā mahi hinu me te hau Ka whiwhi painga ōrite mai i te upoko puha ki ngā tukanga whakapai hinu. Ka whakararuraru te pahū hinu kāore i whakahaere i ngā mahi whakapai hinu, nō reira ka whakakōtaha ngā matū whakakore pahū i ngā tukanga, ā, ka whakaiti i ngā utu whakaputa. Te maimoatanga o ngā wai para ahumahi Ka whakamahi ngā whare i ngā kai whakakore pahū paura hei whakahaere i te pahū nā ngā matū whakawhāiti-wai i ngā wāhanga maimoatanga koiora me matū.

Ko ngā pūhara whakakore puehu he āwhina hira ināianei mō ngā tukanga i roto i ngā umanga maha. Ka mau tonu te pumau, ā, ka aukati i ngā hapa e pā ana ki te puehu, kia kore ai e pā kino ki te kounga o te hua whakamutunga me te whaihua o ngā whakahaere.