Yintoni i-pulp defoaming agent kunye nezinye iindlela zokunciphisa amafu?

Ukulawulwa kwesihlabathi ngumceli-mngeni ophambili kwinkqubo yokulungiswa kwepulp nephepha. Ukuba akulawulwa, isihlabathi sinokudala iingxaki zokhuseleko nemveliso ezifana nokugeleza kwe-slurry ngokugqithisileyo, ukuncipha kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-pump kunye nokuhluza kwamanzi okungekho mgangathweni. I-Defoamer inceda ukunciphisa ezi ngxaki ngokususa isihlabathi esigqithisileyo ekuhlanzweni kwe-black liquor, ekuhlanzweni kwepulp, ekuhluzeni nge-bleach nakwezinye iinkqubo.

Isicimi somphunga

Ulawulo lwefom kwiimills zanamhlanje zephepha neefayibha ezibunjweyo lubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho, zokusebenza, kunye nemveliso. Ifom inokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo, ibangele ilahleko yeekhemikhali zokuxhaphaza ipulp, kwaye ikhokelele kumabango ooxanduva olondolozo lwendalo; izicimi-fom zibonelela ngesisombululo ngokumisa ukwenziwa kweebhubhu zefom ngexesha leenkqubo zokwenza iphepha.

I-Black liquor esetyenziswa kwimveliso ye-pulp yekhemikhali idla ngokwenza ibubholo ngexesha lokwenziwa, nto leyo enciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo nakwimatshini. Kungoko, kufuneka kusetyenziswe izixhobo zokuthomalalisa ibubholo nezokuthintela ukubunjwa kwalo, ukuze kuncitshiswe ukubunjwa kwebubholo kwaye kuphuculwe umgangatho wamaphepha aveliswayo.

Izidibaniso zesi sivumbuselo zinokusasazeka lula emanzini ongezelelweyo ngokushukumisa kancinci imveliso egxilileyo kumaqondo obushushu amanzi afanelekileyo; oku kunika iingenelo ezibalulekileyo kunezinye izinto zokuphelisa amafu ezazisetyenziswa ngaphambili ezifuna ukushukunyiswa okukhulu nobushushu ukuze zinyibilike kwiimeko zamanzi anzima. Ngaphezu koko, izidibaniso zazo zizinzile kakhulu kwisalt ze-inorganic ezifana nezixhobo zokuzalisa ze-calcium carbonate – ingenelo ebaluleke ngokukodwa kuba iintlobo ezininzi zephepha zinezi zinto ngobuninzi.

I-emulsion enciphisa amafu

Ulawulo lwefom kwiimatshini zephepha nezefayibha ezibunjweyo lubalulekile ukuphepha iingxaki zomgangatho, zokusebenza kunye nemveliso. Ukubunjwa kwefom kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwematshini, kunciphise imveliso yepulp kunye nemveliso yephepha yokugqibela, kwaye kwandise ukusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zokuxhaphaza. Ii-antifoamers kunye nee-defoamers kufuneka zisetyenziswe ukuphelisa ukubunjwa kwefom ngexesha lemveliso, ngelixa kupheliswa namabhabhathane omoya ngexesha lenkqubo.

Izinto ezinciphisa intlaphana ezisetyenziswa kumashishini e-pulp zii-emulsions zioyile emanzini ezenziwe ngesilicone namanzi. Isinciphisi-ntlaphana siqhele ukuba nesigaba samanzi esine-nonionic surfactants ezifana ne-methyl ester soybean okanye i-castor oil okanye i-ethylene (bis) stearamide wax; ngaphezu koko, sinokubandakanya ioyile efana ne-oleic okanye i-linseed oil, apho i-asidi yayo izinziswe nge-lecithin okanye i-phospholipid.

Izicimi zeentsiba zizixhobo ezisebenzayo ekunyangeni i-brown stock kunye ne-effluent evela kwiifektri zephepha. Ziyilelwe ukuba zihlale zisebenza kwiimeko zamanzi ane-minerals ezininzi, ezisoloko zibeka imingeni kwizicimi zeentsiba, kwaye zifumaneka ngeedigri ezahlukeneyo zokuxinana ezinokusetyenziswa ngqo kwi-pulp stock, kwanokunyibilika kwi-black liquor.

Isisombululo sokunciphisa amafu

Izisombululo zokunciphisa intsiba kushishino lwephepha zibonelela ngeendlela ezingabizi kakhulu zokunciphisa ukwenziwa kwentsiba nokuqhekeza intsiba esele ikhona, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuhlamba ipulp, ulawulo lwe-black liquor kunye nomgangatho wemveliso yephepha. Ngaphezu koko, izinto zokunciphisa intsiba zisebenza kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi ngelixa zihlala zizinzile naxa zidibana nemilanjana yamanzi amdaka anamandla kakhulu; zidla ngokwenziwa nge-oyile zeminerali, iipolydimethylsiloxanes okanye iifomulasheni ze-alcohol/stearate.

Izithambisi zangaphambili ezithintela ukubila bezingazinzi kangako kwiimeko zeasidi, ingakumbi kwiimeko zamanzi anezinto eziqinileyo, kunokuba bekufuneka. Ukuba iimvubelo zazo zaphuka, zikholisa ukunyuka ziye phezulu kwesikhongozeli kwaye zinokuthi zivale imibhobho eya kwiimpompo uze emva koko kwiimatshini zokwenza iphepha.

Ukukhetha isicoci esisebenzayo sokuthintela ibubholo kubalulekile kwiinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokuqhuba ipulp nephepha, kuquka ulawulo lwebubholo. Isicoci esikumgangatho ophezulu sokuthintela ibubholo siya kukhusela kwiingxaki ezibiza imali eninzi ezifana nokugeleza kwe-slurry, ukuncipha kokusebenza kakuhle kwempompo, ukugcinwa kakubi kwematshini wamaphepha, iingxaki zokuhamba kwamanzi kwizihluzo kunye neengxaki zokuhluza amanzi – nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqibeleni kwisivuno esiphezulu se-pulp kunye nomgangatho ophezulu womveliso.