Ak ste niekedy pracovali v priemyselnom prostred\u00ed, kde pena men\u00ed plynul\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku na bublinkov\u00fa no\u010dn\u00fa moru, pozn\u00e1te to. Ako veter\u00e1n vo svete chemick\u00fdch pr\u00edpravkov, ktor\u00fd sa viac ako dve desa\u0165ro\u010dia zameriava na protipenov\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky na b\u00e1ze vody, som namie\u0161al rie\u0161enia pre v\u0161etko od \u010distiarn\u00ed odpadov\u00fdch v\u00f4d a\u017e po potravin\u00e1rske z\u00e1vody. Tieto protipenov\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky nie s\u00fa v\u017edy hviezdou programu, ale s\u00fa to pr\u00e1ve ony, ktor\u00e9 udr\u017eiavaj\u00fa veci ekologick\u00e9 a efekt\u00edvne. Videl som ich zachra\u0148ova\u0165 situ\u00e1ciu viac r\u00e1z, ako dok\u00e1\u017eem spo\u010d\u00edta\u0165, najm\u00e4 ke\u010f predpisy tla\u010dia na udr\u017eate\u013enej\u0161ie mo\u017enosti. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku v\u00e1s obozn\u00e1mim s t\u00fdm, \u010do s\u00fa to antipenov\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky na b\u00e1ze vody, ako sa vysporad\u00favaj\u00fa s penou, ak\u00e9 maj\u00fa v\u00fdhody a \u00faskalia, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa ich re\u00e1lne pou\u017eitia a \u010do bude nasledova\u0165. Ak v\u00e1s pena tla\u010d\u00ed, mohlo by v\u00e1m to poskytn\u00fa\u0165 nieko\u013eko sol\u00eddnych n\u00e1padov na pre\u017eutie.<\/p>\n
Najprv si ujasnime, o \u010dom hovor\u00edme. Proti\u0161mykov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky na b\u00e1ze vody, niekedy naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 vodn\u00e9 odpenova\u010de, s\u00fa l\u00e1tky na regul\u00e1ciu tvorby peny, ktor\u00e9 sa \u013eahko rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165aj\u00fa alebo disperguj\u00fa vo vode. Na rozdiel od olejov\u00fdch alebo silik\u00f3nov\u00fdch typov s\u00fa postaven\u00e9 na vode ako nosi\u010di, zmie\u0161anej s vecami, ako s\u00fa mastn\u00e9 alkoholy, polyglykoly alebo esterov\u00e9 zl\u00fa\u010deniny. Tieto s\u00fa \u010dasto emulgovan\u00e9 kv\u00f4li stabilite a niekedy prid\u00e1vame povrchovo akt\u00edvne l\u00e1tky alebo polym\u00e9ry na zv\u00fd\u0161enie v\u00fdkonu. V mojich za\u010diatkoch formulovania som za\u010d\u00ednal so z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi zmesami polyetyl\u00e9nglykolu, ale teraz sa venujeme sofistikovan\u00fdm zmesiam, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa biologicky odb\u00farate\u013en\u00e9 a maj\u00fa n\u00edzky obsah prchav\u00fdch organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok. K\u013e\u00fa\u010d? S\u00fa navrhnut\u00e9 tak, aby boli \u0161etrnej\u0161ie k \u017eivotn\u00e9mu prostrediu, prirodzene sa rozkladaj\u00fa bez zanech\u00e1vania nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdch zvy\u0161kov.<\/p>\n
Pena sa objavuje na najr\u00f4znej\u0161\u00edch miestach a je viac ne\u017e len otravn\u00e1 - je ru\u0161iv\u00e1. Vznik\u00e1 vtedy, ke\u010f sa v kvapalin\u00e1ch zachyt\u00ed vzduch, ktor\u00fd sa dr\u017e\u00ed v povrchovo akt\u00edvnych l\u00e1tkach, ako s\u00fa mydl\u00e1, prote\u00edny alebo chemik\u00e1lie, ktor\u00e9 na rozhran\u00ed zni\u017euj\u00fa nap\u00e4tie. V tov\u00e1rni na farby sa pri mie\u0161an\u00ed pigmentov m\u00f4\u017ee vytvori\u0165 pena, ktor\u00e1 prepln\u00ed kade; v pivovarn\u00edctve sa pri kvasen\u00ed vytv\u00e1ra pena, ktor\u00e1 upch\u00e1va potrubia. \u010cistenie odpadov\u00fdch v\u00f4d je klasika: prevzdu\u0161\u0148ovanie \u017eiv\u00ed mikr\u00f3by, ale bi\u010duje penu z \u010distiacich prostriedkov a organick\u00fdch l\u00e1tok, \u010do vedie k \u00fanikom, zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9mu prenosu kysl\u00edka a dokonca k bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdm rizik\u00e1m. Bez kontroly v\u00e1m hrozia prestoje, vy\u0161\u0161ie n\u00e1klady a potenci\u00e1lne pokuty. Proti\u0161mykov\u00e9 prostriedky na b\u00e1ze vody sa zameriavaj\u00fa na tieto bubliny bez pou\u017eitia drsn\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Ako funguj\u00fa ich k\u00fazla? Je to \u0161ikovn\u00e1 kombin\u00e1cia ch\u00e9mie a fyziky. Po nad\u00e1vkovan\u00ed sa \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky roz\u0161\u00edria na steny bubliniek, vytla\u010dia stabiliz\u00e1tory a zv\u00fd\u0161ia povrchov\u00e9 nap\u00e4tie pr\u00e1ve nato\u013eko, aby sa filmy stali nestabiln\u00fdmi. Bublinky sa zlu\u010duj\u00fa, zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uj\u00fa sa a praskaj\u00fa, \u010d\u00edm unik\u00e1 vzduch. Polyglykoly napr\u00edklad p\u00f4sobia ako \u201codpe\u0148ovacie \u010dinidlo\u201d t\u00fdm, \u017ee premos\u0165uj\u00fa lamely (tieto tenk\u00e9 vrstvy bubliniek), zatia\u013e \u010do mastn\u00e9 kyseliny poskytuj\u00fa hydrof\u00f3bnos\u0165, aby sa mohli prerazi\u0165. Na t\u00fdch na b\u00e1ze vody sa mi p\u00e1\u010di ich r\u00fdchla integr\u00e1cia; \u017eiadne probl\u00e9my s odde\u013eovan\u00edm mastnoty. V testoch, ktor\u00e9 som vykonal, \u010dasto dosahuj\u00fa lep\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky v prostrediach s n\u00edzkym smykom, ako s\u00fa usadzovacie n\u00e1dr\u017ee, kde je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e1 st\u00e1los\u0165. Navy\u0161e, ke\u010f\u017ee s\u00fa rozpustn\u00e9 vo vode, \u013eahko sa s nimi manipuluje - nie je potrebn\u00e9 \u017eiadne \u0161peci\u00e1lne vybavenie.<\/p>\n
Ve\u013ekou v\u00fdhrou je tu ekologickos\u0165. Vzh\u013eadom na to, \u017ee agent\u00fary, ako je EPA, sa sna\u017eia bojova\u0165 proti perzistentn\u00fdm zne\u010dis\u0165uj\u00facim l\u00e1tkam, peny na vodnej b\u00e1ze vynikaj\u00fa, preto\u017ee s\u00fa \u010dasto biologicky odb\u00farate\u013en\u00e9 a poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z obnovite\u013en\u00fdch zdrojov, ako s\u00fa rastlinn\u00e9 tuky. Maj\u00fa n\u00edzku toxicitu, v\u010faka \u010domu s\u00fa bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pre kontakt s potravinami (myslite na schv\u00e1lenie FDA pre spracovanie mlieka alebo n\u00e1pojov) a citliv\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my. N\u00e1klady? S\u00fa konkurencieschopn\u00e9, najm\u00e4 pri ve\u013ekoplo\u0161nom pou\u017eit\u00ed, a nevy\u017eaduj\u00fa si to\u013eko \u00faprav pH alebo teploty. Spom\u00ednam si na projekt v mliekarenskom z\u00e1vode na Stredoz\u00e1pade: pena z mlie\u010dnych bielkov\u00edn zastavovala pasteriz\u00e1ciu. Pre\u0161li sme na antipenov\u00fd pr\u00edpravok na b\u00e1ze polyglykolu a ten nielen\u017ee odstr\u00e1nil penu, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 splnil ich ekologick\u00e9 certifik\u00e1ty, \u010d\u00edm sa zn\u00ed\u017eil odpad o 25% a v\u0161etko bolo v s\u00falade s predpismi.<\/p>\n
\u010eal\u0161ou silnou str\u00e1nkou je v\u0161estrannos\u0165. Tieto protipenov\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky sa dod\u00e1vaj\u00fa vo forme koncentr\u00e1tov, emulzi\u00ed alebo dokonca pr\u00e1\u0161kov na such\u00e9 mie\u0161anie. V pr\u00edpade vysoko alkalick\u00fdch \u010distiacich prostriedkov sa osved\u010dili tie na b\u00e1ze esterov; v pr\u00edpade kysl\u00fdch ovocn\u00fdch \u0161tiav zabra\u0148uj\u00fa alkoholov\u00e9 varianty nepr\u00edjemn\u00fdm pr\u00edchutiam. S\u00fa skvel\u00e9 v celul\u00f3ze a papieri, kde je lign\u00ednov\u00e1 pena odoln\u00e1, alebo v textile, kde kontroluj\u00fa bubliny vo farbiacom k\u00fapeli. V porovnan\u00ed so silik\u00f3nov\u00fdmi, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa tepelne odoln\u00e9, ale m\u00f4\u017eu sa bioakumulova\u0165, s\u00fa varianty na b\u00e1ze vody \u010distej\u0161ie na vyp\u00fa\u0161\u0165anie. Miner\u00e1lne oleje s\u00fa lacn\u00e9, ale oleje na b\u00e1ze vody sa vyh\u00fdbaj\u00fa tomuto neporiadku, hoci v extr\u00e9mnych teplot\u00e1ch m\u00f4\u017eu potrebova\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie d\u00e1vky (ich maxim\u00e1lna teplota je okolo 100 - 120 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n
Samozrejme, \u017eiadny v\u00fdrobok nie je bezchybn\u00fd. Vo ve\u013emi mastn\u00fdch syst\u00e9moch sa bez pr\u00edsad nemusia rozotiera\u0165 tak dobre, \u010do vedie k ne\u00faplnej kontrole. Biologick\u00e1 odb\u00farate\u013enos\u0165 je v\u00fdhodou, ale m\u00f4\u017ee znamena\u0165 krat\u0161iu trvanlivos\u0165, ak nie je stabilizovan\u00e1. Pred\u00e1vkovanie? Mo\u017en\u00fd z\u00e1kal v \u010d\u00edrych produktoch, ako s\u00fa n\u00e1poje. Nau\u010dil som sa v\u017edy pilotne testova\u0165: za\u010dnite na 50-200 ppm, sledujte v\u00fd\u0161ku peny a upravujte. Kontroly kompatibility s\u00fa k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 - uistite sa, \u017ee nekazia emulzie alebo flokulanty v odpadov\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
Pr\u00edbehy z re\u00e1lneho sveta to potvrdzuj\u00fa. V jednom kalifornskom vin\u00e1rstve, pre ktor\u00e9 som poskytoval konzult\u00e1cie, sa pri kvasen\u00ed hroznov\u00e9ho mu\u0161tu tvorila pena a produkt sa str\u00e1cal. Vlastn\u00e1 zmes na b\u00e1ze vody s tukov\u00fdmi estermi to zlikvidovala, zachovala chu\u0165 a dosiahla ciele udr\u017eate\u013enosti. Vo farmaceutickom priemysle sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa vo fermentoroch na udr\u017eanie spr\u00e1vneho bublania kult\u00far bez kontamin\u00e1cie. Dokonca aj v \u010distiacich prostriedkoch pre dom\u00e1cnos\u0165 zabra\u0148uj\u00fa nepr\u00edjemn\u00e9mu prete\u010deniu v pr\u00e1\u010dkach.<\/p>\n
Pri poh\u013eade do bud\u00facnosti je t\u00e1to oblas\u0165 pln\u00e1 inov\u00e1ci\u00ed. Objavuj\u00fa sa bioprodukty proti peneniu z rias alebo mikr\u00f3bov, ktor\u00e9 pos\u00favaj\u00fa biologick\u00fa odb\u00farate\u013enos\u0165 na 100%. Integr\u00e1cia nanotechnol\u00f3gi\u00ed by mohla znamena\u0165 ultran\u00edzke d\u00e1vky pre rovnak\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinok, \u010do by \u010falej zn\u00ed\u017eilo n\u00e1klady. Vzh\u013eadom na zameranie na kl\u00edmu sa vyv\u00edjaj\u00fa n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy - myslite na fermentovan\u00e9 z\u00e1klady namiesto syntetick\u00fdch. Pod\u013ea m\u00f4jho n\u00e1zoru, ke\u010f\u017ee nedostatok vody narast\u00e1, bud\u00fa tieto technol\u00f3gie rozhoduj\u00face pre recykla\u010dn\u00e9 slu\u010dky v priemysle.<\/p>\n
Na z\u00e1ver mo\u017eno kon\u0161tatova\u0165, \u017ee pena na vodnej b\u00e1ze dokazuje, \u017ee by\u0165 ekologick\u00fd neznamen\u00e1 obetova\u0165 \u00fadernos\u0165. S\u00fa moj\u00edm z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm n\u00e1strojom, ktor\u00fd men\u00ed penu na zabudnut\u00e9 probl\u00e9my. Ak v oper\u00e1ci\u00e1ch bojujete s bublinami, zv\u00e1\u017ete ich - mohli by by\u0165 va\u0161ou ekologickou v\u00fdhodou. Vysk\u00fa\u0161ajte ich; plan\u00e9ta (a va\u0161e v\u00fdsledky) v\u00e1m po\u010fakuj\u00fa.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Water Based Antifoam: Eco-Friendly Champions in the Fight Against Foam Hey there, if you’ve ever worked in an industrial setting […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=270"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":271,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/270\/revisions\/271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}