{"id":50,"date":"2025-04-16T09:40:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T09:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/?p=50"},"modified":"2025-04-22T10:04:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T10:04:23","slug":"cum-se-fabrica-un-agent-antispumant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/how-to-make-defoaming-agent\/","title":{"rendered":"Cum se prepar\u0103 agentul antispumant"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cum se prepar\u0103 agent de spumare<\/h1>\n

Formarea spumei \u00een filmele de acoperire poate cauza apari\u021bia unor defecte de suprafa\u021b\u0103, cum ar fi ochiuri de pe\u0219te, cratere sau g\u0103uri. Pentru ca acest lucru s\u0103 nu se mai \u00eent\u00e2mple, formulatorii folosesc aditivi antispum\u0103 \u0219i antispuman\u021bi, \u00eens\u0103 selectarea \u0219i evaluarea acestora necesit\u0103 o cunoa\u0219tere aprofundat\u0103 a mecanismului lor de ac\u021biune \u00een diferite sisteme de acoperire.<\/p>\n

Un agent de dezamorsare eficient trebuie s\u0103 fie solubil \u00een mediul spumant, s\u0103 p\u0103trund\u0103 rapid \u00een lamela spumant\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 rapid de-a lungul interfe\u021bei gaz-lichid.<\/p>\n

Polidimetilsiloxan (PDMS)<\/h2>\n

PDMS este un material economic, biocompatibil, cu numeroase utiliz\u0103ri \u00een microfluidic\u0103. Acesta poate fi ata\u0219at la polimeri, sticl\u0103 \u0219i componente metalice pentru a forma dispozitive \u00eencorporate; utilizat ca membran\u0103 de pompare electroosmotic\u0103 \u0219i chiar modelat cu ajutorul fotorezisten\u021bei pentru a forma canale microfluidice.<\/p>\n

Pentru a rezolva aceast\u0103 problem\u0103, PDMS poate fi oxidat cu ajutorul plasmei de oxigen, deschiz\u00e2nd grupuri hidroxil pe suprafa\u021ba sa care reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu vaporii de clorur\u0103 de silil pentru a forma grupuri terminale cu care agen\u021bii de dezamorsare pot reac\u021biona. Ca urmare, agen\u021bii de dezamorsare care reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 cu aceast\u0103 suprafa\u021b\u0103 prezint\u0103 o spumare \u0219i o inhibare mai reduse dec\u00e2t aditivii tradi\u021bionali de dezamorsare pe baz\u0103 de silicon, \u00een plus sunt netoxici, u\u0219or de dispersat \u0219i stabili termic \u00een compara\u021bie cu omologii lor din silicon.<\/p>\n

Uleiuri siliconice<\/h2>\n

Uleiurile siliconice se bazeaz\u0103 pe diferen\u021bele de greutate specific\u0103 dintre umoarea apoas\u0103 \u0219i uleiul siliconic pentru mecanismul lor de dezamorsare, greutatea specific\u0103 mai mare a umorii apoase determin\u00e2nd scufundarea acesteia \u00een interiorul cavit\u0103\u021bilor vitreene, \u00een timp ce greutatea specific\u0103 mai mic\u0103 a uleiului siliconic o face s\u0103 pluteasc\u0103, cre\u00e2nd ceea ce se nume\u0219te for\u021be de flotabilitate care o ridic\u0103 \u00een sus.<\/p>\n

Uleiurile de silicon de grad medical pot fi agen\u021bi de dezamorsare eficien\u021bi datorit\u0103 faptului c\u0103 sunt mai u\u0219oare dec\u00e2t apa \u0219i modific\u0103 tensiunea superficial\u0103 pentru a determina spargerea bulelor de spum\u0103. \u00cen plus, acestea sunt netoxice \u0219i u\u0219or de dizolvat \u00een solu\u021bii apoase.<\/p>\n

agen\u021bii antispuman\u021bi pe baz\u0103 de silicon necesit\u0103 concentra\u021bii ridicate de siliconi care pot fi toxici \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori pentru s\u0103n\u0103tatea uman\u0103, \u00een timp ce uleiurile vegetale, cum ar fi uleiul de jojoba, au capacit\u0103\u021bi antispumante similare, dar cu o eficien\u021b\u0103 mult mai sc\u0103zut\u0103; \u00een plus, con\u021binutul lor sc\u0103zut de ap\u0103 face ca dispersia s\u0103 fie mai dificil\u0103 dec\u00e2t era de a\u0219teptat.<\/p>\n

Uleiuri minerale<\/h2>\n

Uleiurile minerale sunt amestecuri incolore \u0219i inodore de alcani superiori deriva\u021bi din surse minerale care sunt produse ca subproduse \u00een urma transform\u0103rii \u021bi\u021beiului \u00een produse petroliere. Din punct de vedere istoric, acestea erau cunoscute \u0219i sub denumirea de ulei alb sau de parafin\u0103, datorit\u0103 impreciziei denumirii lor, care reflecta faptul c\u0103, de multe ori, comercian\u021bii nu aveau nevoie sau nu doreau s\u0103 cunoasc\u0103 exact compozi\u021bia fiec\u0103rui ulei mineral v\u00e2ndut sau utilizat ca bunuri comerciale (Merriam-Webster dateaz\u0103 prima utilizare a termenului \"ulei mineral\" din 1771!)<\/p>\n

Uleiul mineral poate fi rafinat \u00een continuare pentru utiliz\u0103ri industriale, pentru a elimina aditivii care ar putea fi d\u0103un\u0103tori pentru consumul uman, produc\u00e2nd un lubrifiant mineral rafinat adecvat pentru produsele alimentare \u0219i produsele farmaceutice care ar putea intra \u00een contact cu alimentele, inclusiv orice poten\u021biale probleme de contact accidental cu alimentele.<\/p>\n

Uleiurile minerale de calitate alimentar\u0103 sunt uleiuri solubile \u00een ap\u0103, \u00een general f\u0103r\u0103 gust \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 miros, care ofer\u0103 o protec\u021bie excelent\u0103 \u00eempotriva coroziunii, ceea ce le face sigure \u00een contact direct cu pielea. \u00cen plus, acestea ajut\u0103 la men\u021binerea la distan\u021b\u0103 a deshidrat\u0103rii, ac\u021bion\u00e2nd ca o barier\u0103 protectoare care limiteaz\u0103 pierderea de ap\u0103 trans-epidermic\u0103.<\/p>\n

Antispumant solubil \u00een ap\u0103<\/h2>\n

Antispumantul solubil \u00een ap\u0103 ofer\u0103 propriet\u0103\u021bi excelente de antispumare \u0219i poate fi fabricat prin amestecarea unui compus de siliciu organic modificat cu polieter cu alcooli inferiori, agen\u021bi tensioactivi \u0219i siliciu. \u00cen compara\u021bie cu uleiurile minerale tradi\u021bionale, acest antispumant ofer\u0103 avantajele predispersiei \u0219i necesit\u0103 mai pu\u021bin\u0103 energie pentru \u00eencorporarea \u00een sistemele de acoperire.<\/p>\n

Agentul antispumant ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u00e2nd insolubil \u00een mediul spumant \u0219i \u00eempiedic\u00e2nd asocierea str\u00e2ns\u0103 \u00eentre moleculele de la suprafa\u021ba filmului, \u00eempiedic\u00e2nd astfel agen\u021bii tensioactivi cu stabilizare a spumei s\u0103 restabileasc\u0103 elasticitatea filmului prin intermediul efectelor Marangoni \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eempiedice astfel formarea spumei. \u00cen plus, antispumantul ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 prin \u00eencurajarea dren\u0103rii filmului lichid din bulele de spum\u0103, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t acestea s\u0103 se sparg\u0103.<\/p>\n

\"agent<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

How to Make Defoaming Agent Foam formation in coating films can cause surface defects such as fisheyes, craters or pinholes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions\/65"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}