Ja esat k\u0101dreiz sajaucis betona partiju un v\u0113rojis, k\u0101 \u0161ie kaitino\u0161ie burbu\u013ci par\u0101d\u0101s k\u0101 nel\u016bgti viesi ball\u012bt\u0113, j\u016bs zin\u0101t, k\u0101das galvass\u0101pes tie var izrais\u012bt. Es esmu j\u016bsu puisis, kas nodarbojas ar visiem betona atputek\u013co\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ciem - jau vair\u0101k nek\u0101 desmit gadus esmu str\u0101d\u0101jis ar \u0161iem materi\u0101liem, uzlabojot mais\u012bjumus b\u016bvlaukumos no augstceltn\u0113m l\u012bdz pat pagalma teras\u0113m. \u0160odien es past\u0101st\u012b\u0161u par to, kas ir \u0161\u012bs burvju piedevas, k\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101s maina sp\u0113les noteikumus un k\u0101 pan\u0101kt, lai t\u0101s darbojas j\u016bsu lab\u0101. Pa\u0146emiet kafiju un ienirsim bez liekv\u0101rd\u012bbas - ar v\u0101rdu sakot, ka t\u0101 ir dom\u0101ta.<\/p>\n
Pirmk\u0101rt, kas visp\u0101r ir betona atputek\u013cot\u0101js? Iedom\u0101jieties: kad ar mikseri vai savu uzticamo \u0137erru uzberat betonu, virsk\u0101rt\u0101 iespr\u016bst gaiss. \u0160is gaiss veido putas, un, ja t\u0101 ir p\u0101r\u0101k daudz, saciet\u0113ju\u0161aj\u0101 beton\u0101 rodas gaisa tuk\u0161umi. \u0160ie tuk\u0161umi? Tie ir k\u0101 \u0160veices siera caurumi - tie v\u0101jina konstrukciju, padara to porain\u0101ku un rada plaisas vai \u016bdens boj\u0101jumus. Putu atdal\u012bt\u0101ji ir varo\u0146i, kas iejaucas, lai sadal\u012btu \u0161\u012bs putas, nodro\u0161inot, ka j\u016bsu betons saciet\u0113 gluds, stiprs un bl\u012bvs. Tie b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 ir virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas vai savienojumi uz silikona b\u0101zes, kas destabiliz\u0113 burbu\u013cus, \u013caujot gaisam izk\u013c\u016bt, neboj\u0101jot mais\u012bjumu.<\/p>\n
Sav\u0101 darb\u0101 esmu redz\u0113jis, ka projekti ir izg\u0101zu\u0161ies, jo k\u0101ds ir taup\u012bjis uz atputek\u013cot\u0101jiem. Piem\u0113ram, vienreiz, kad lika tiltu - mais\u012bjums putoja k\u0101 sakrat\u012bta limon\u0101de, un bez pareiz\u0101 atputek\u013cot\u0101ja m\u0113s b\u016btu ieguvu\u0161i trauslu pl\u0101tni, kas neiztur\u0113tu satiksmi. Putu atdal\u012bt\u0101ji nav tikai papildapr\u012bkojums; tie ir b\u016btiski augstas veiktsp\u0113jas betonam, jo \u012bpa\u0161i s\u016bkn\u0113taj\u0101 vai vibr\u0113taj\u0101 beton\u0101, kur gaisa iepl\u016b\u0161ana ir \u013coti svar\u012bga.<\/p>\n
Tagad parun\u0101sim par to, k\u0101 \u0161ie sliktie z\u0113ni faktiski darbojas. T\u0101 nav ra\u0137e\u0161u zin\u0101tne, ta\u010du aiz t\u0101 sl\u0113pjas da\u017eas lieliskas \u0137\u012bmijas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas. Liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca atputek\u013cot\u0101ju ir hidrofobiski - tie ien\u012bst \u016bdeni, t\u0101p\u0113c tie izklied\u0113jas uz putu burbul\u012b\u0161u virsmas. T\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di burbu\u013cu sieni\u0146as k\u013c\u016bst pl\u0101n\u0101kas, l\u012bdz t\u0101s saplais\u0101, atbr\u012bvojot iesprostoto gaisu. Iedom\u0101jieties, ka tas ir k\u0101 ar adatu durt balonu, ta\u010du mikroskopisk\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b. Piem\u0113ram, silikona atputek\u013cot\u0101ji ir \u013coti efekt\u012bvi, jo tie ir stabili augst\u0101 temperat\u016br\u0101 un nerea\u0123\u0113 ar cementu. Tad ir ar\u012b t\u0101di uz miner\u0101le\u013c\u013cas b\u0101zes, kas ir l\u0113t\u0101ki, bet var nedarboties tik ilgi skarbos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Un neaizmirstiet par polim\u0113ru atputek\u013cot\u0101ji; tie ir k\u0101 \u0160veices armijas nazis, univers\u0101li izmantojami da\u017e\u0101diem mais\u012bjumu veidiem.<\/p>\n
Pareiz\u0101 tipa izv\u0113le ir atkar\u012bga no j\u016bsu konfigur\u0101cijas. Ja str\u0101d\u0101jat ar pa\u0161bl\u012bv\u0113jo\u0161o betonu (SCC), kas pl\u016bst k\u0101 medus bez vibr\u0101cijas, jums ir nepiecie\u0161ams atputek\u013cot\u0101js, kas neietekm\u0113 reolo\u0123iju - t\u0101 ir izdom\u0101ts termins pl\u016bsmas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m. \u0160\u0101diem darbiem esmu ieteicis poli\u0113teru saturo\u0161us atputek\u013cot\u0101jus, jo tie saglab\u0101 \u0161\u0137idrumu, vienlaikus likvid\u0113jot putas. No otras puses, bet gatav\u0101 betona mais\u012bjumiem var noder\u0113t vienk\u0101r\u0161s atputek\u013cot\u0101js uz spirta b\u0101zes, jo \u012bpa\u0161i, ja cena ir svar\u012bgs faktors. Profesion\u0101\u013cu padoms: vispirms vienm\u0113r test\u0113jiet neliel\u0101s partij\u0101s. Esmu m\u0101c\u012bjies, ka tas, kas darbojas laboratorij\u0101, uz vietas var putot cit\u0101d\u0101k temperat\u016bras vai pildvielu veidu d\u0113\u013c.<\/p>\n
Ieguvumi? Ak, kur man s\u0101kt? Stipr\u0101ks betons noz\u012bm\u0113 ilg\u0101ku konstrukciju kalpo\u0161anas laiku - m\u0113s run\u0101jam par zem\u0101k\u0101m uztur\u0113\u0161anas izmaks\u0101m un apmierin\u0101t\u0101kiem klientiem. Putu atdal\u012bt\u0101ji uzlabo ar\u012b apstr\u0101d\u0101jam\u012bbu, t\u0101p\u0113c j\u016bsu brig\u0101dei nav j\u0101c\u012bn\u0101s ar burbu\u013cveid\u012bgu haosu iekl\u0101\u0161anas laik\u0101. Turkl\u0101t tie uzlabo virsmas apdari; vairs nav negl\u012btu punkti\u0146u vai medus k\u0101rtu, kas izsauc \"amatieru darbu\". Da\u017ei m\u016bsdienu atputek\u013cot\u0101ji ir videi draudz\u012bgi, ar zemu GOS saturu, kas atbilst za\u013c\u0101s b\u016bvniec\u012bbas standartiem. Mana pieredze liecina, ka, pievienojot cementam tikai 0,11 l\u012bdz 0,5% p\u0113c svara, gaisa saturu var samazin\u0101t uz pusi, palielinot spiedes stipr\u012bbu par 10-20%. T\u0101 ir re\u0101li ietaup\u012bta nauda remontdarbiem.<\/p>\n
Atputek\u013co\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ca lieto\u0161ana ir vienk\u0101r\u0161a, ta\u010du svar\u012bgs ir laiks. Pievienojiet tos mais\u012b\u0161anas procesa s\u0101kum\u0101 - uzreiz p\u0113c \u016bdens un cementa, pirms pildviel\u0101m, lai tie vienm\u0113r\u012bgi izklied\u0113tos. Svar\u012bgs ir ar\u012b devas daudzums; p\u0101rsp\u012bl\u0113jot, j\u016bs varat izn\u012bcin\u0101t labv\u0113l\u012bgo gaisa iepl\u016bdi, kas nodro\u0161ina iztur\u012bbu pret sasal\u0161anu un atkaus\u0113\u0161anu. Ja to p\u0101rsp\u012bl\u0113siet, uzvar\u0113s putas. Es vienm\u0113r iesaku s\u0101kt ar ra\u017eot\u0101ja ieteikto devu un kori\u0123\u0113t, pamatojoties uz izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101juma mais\u012bjumiem. T\u0101di r\u012bki k\u0101 putu testeris (j\u0101, tas ir kaut kas t\u0101ds) var pal\u012bdz\u0113t noteikt stabilit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n
Protams, nekas nav ide\u0101ls. Bie\u017ei sastopamie tr\u016bkumi ir nesader\u012bba ar citiem piejaukumiem, piem\u0113ram, superplastifikatoriem, kas var pastiprin\u0101t put\u0113\u0161anu. Man ir biju\u0161i mais\u012bjumi, kuros atputin\u0101t\u0101js sad\u016br\u0101s ar \u016bdens reduc\u0113t\u0101ju, p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161ot visu par zupu katastrofu. Risin\u0101jums? Savietojam\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana. J\u0101uzman\u0101s ar\u012b no p\u0101rlieku lielas sajauk\u0161anas; t\u0101 rada vair\u0101k gaisa, kas p\u0101rsp\u0113j pat vislab\u0101ko atputek\u013cot\u0101ju. Un uzglab\u0101\u0161ana: uzglab\u0101jiet tos nosl\u0113gtus un pasarg\u0101jiet no ekstrem\u0101liem apst\u0101k\u013ciem, cit\u0101di tie zaud\u0113s savu iedarb\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
Raugoties n\u0101kotn\u0113, nozar\u0113 ir daudz inov\u0101ciju. Arvien liel\u0101ku popularit\u0101ti g\u016bst no augu e\u013c\u013c\u0101m ra\u017eoti biolo\u0123iski putot\u0101ji, kas samazina m\u016bsu atkar\u012bbu no sint\u0113tiskaj\u0101m viel\u0101m. Ar nanotehnolo\u0123iju pal\u012bdz\u012bbu tiek ieviestas ar\u012b nanosilikona da\u013ci\u0146as, kas nodro\u0161ina prec\u012bzu burbu\u013cu kontroli. K\u0101 cilv\u0113ks, kur\u0161 ir test\u0113jis prototipus, varu teikt, ka tie var\u0113tu rad\u012bt revol\u016bciju \u012bpa\u0161i augstas veiktsp\u0113jas betona (UHPC) ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 debesskr\u0101pjiem un tiltiem.<\/p>\n
Nosl\u0113dzot \u0161o t\u0113mu, betona atputek\u013cot\u0101js, iesp\u0113jams, nav pati seks\u012bg\u0101k\u0101 t\u0113ma, ta\u010du tie ir neatkl\u0101ti MVP, kas uztur m\u016bsu konstrukcijas stabilas. Neatkar\u012bgi no t\u0101, vai j\u016bs esat pa\u0161darbnieks, kas labiek\u0101rto savu piebraucamo ce\u013cu, vai profesion\u0101lis, kas str\u0101d\u0101 pie megaprojekta, ignor\u0113t putas ir tas pats, kas ignor\u0113t teko\u0161u jumtu - tas jums v\u0113l\u0101k iedz\u012bvosies. Ja j\u016bs interes\u0113 s\u012bk\u0101kas zi\u0146as, sazinieties ar mani; man ir st\u0101stu un specifik\u0101ciju daudz\u0101m dien\u0101m. Atcerieties, ka mais\u012bjums bez burbu\u013ciem ir laim\u012bgs mais\u012bjums. Turpiniet tur palikt betona iztur\u012bgi!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hey folks, if you’ve ever mixed up a batch of concrete and watched those pesky bubbles pop up like uninvited […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-163","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-product"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=163"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":165,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/163\/revisions\/165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=163"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=163"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=163"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}