Putu p\u0101rvald\u012bba ir svar\u012bgs p\u0101rkl\u0101juma efektivit\u0101tes aspekts, tom\u0113r da\u017eos lietojumos efekt\u012bva atputek\u013cot\u0101ja izv\u0113le var izr\u0101d\u012bties sare\u017e\u0123\u012bta.<\/p>\n
Fluorsilikona e\u013c\u013ca tika kombin\u0113ta ar akrila kopolim\u0113ra atputek\u013cot\u0101ju (ACD), pentanonu un \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101t\u0101ja e\u013c\u013cu kr\u0101s\u0101m (kvalific\u0113ts produkts Nr. 200) proporcij\u0101s 2%, 8% un 25%, izmantojot meh\u0101nisku vai m\u0101ksl\u012bgu mais\u012b\u0161anu, lai izveidotu atputek\u013cot\u0101ju savienojumu.<\/p>\n
Putu atputek\u013co\u0161anas l\u012bdzekli izmanto, lai iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101tu putu burbu\u013cus, samazinot virsmas spraigumu un starpf\u0101\u017eu spriegumu, un tas var b\u016bt \u0161\u0137idr\u0101, pulverveida vai emulsijas veid\u0101. Tos pla\u0161i izmanto daudzos lietojumos, tostarp kr\u0101su un p\u0101rkl\u0101jumu ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101, lai nov\u0113rstu bedr\u012b\u0161u veido\u0161anos, pap\u012bra ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 efekt\u012bvai apstr\u0101dei, naftas urb\u0161anas darbos, notek\u016bde\u0146u att\u012br\u012b\u0161anas iek\u0101rt\u0101s, k\u0101 ar\u012b kr\u0101su no\u0146\u0113m\u0113jos un t\u012br\u012b\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013cos.<\/p>\n
\u0160\u0137idrajos atputek\u013cot\u0101ji izmanto miner\u0101lvielas, augu e\u013c\u013cas un vaskus k\u0101 \u0161\u0137idros atputek\u013cot\u0101jus, lai samazin\u0101tu virsmas spraigumu. Polidimetilsiloks\u0101ns, ko parasti d\u0113v\u0113 par dimetikonu, ir \u012bpa\u0161i sp\u0113c\u012bgs atputek\u013cot\u0101js, kas izgatavots no silikona tipa materi\u0101la; \u0161ie atputek\u013cot\u0101ji darbojas ar\u012b k\u0101 efekt\u012bvi prets\u0113\u0161an\u0101s un reolo\u0123ijas regulatori.<\/p>\n
Pulverveida atputek\u013cot\u0101ji izmanto hidrofobas sil\u012bcija dioks\u012bda da\u013ci\u0146as un citas smalkas ciet\u0101s da\u013ci\u0146as, lai iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101tu putu burbu\u013cus da\u017e\u0101d\u0101s temperat\u016br\u0101s, pied\u0101v\u0101jot efekt\u012bvus atputek\u013cot\u0101jus da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m situ\u0101cij\u0101m.<\/p>\n
Emulsijas b\u0101zes atputek\u013cot\u0101ji izmanto polietil\u0113nu, tauksk\u0101bju spirtu vai citas virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas, lai disper\u0123\u0113tu \u0161\u0137idrumus, kas sajaukti kop\u0101 dispersijas \u0161\u0137\u012bdumos. \u0160ie atputek\u013cot\u0101ji ir ide\u0101li piem\u0113roti \u016bdens b\u0101zes sist\u0113m\u0101m.<\/p>\n
Putu sadal\u012bt\u0101ji parasti sast\u0101v no hidrofob\u0101m viel\u0101m, kas izklied\u0113tas \u0161\u0137idrum\u0101, lai izrais\u012btu burbu\u013cu pl\u0113ves pl\u012b\u0161anas pl\u0113ves pl\u012bsumus un samazin\u0101tu virsmas spraigumu, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di padarot burbu\u013cus viegl\u0101k sadal\u0101mus.<\/p>\n
Silikona atputek\u013cot\u0101ji ir vispiem\u0113rot\u0101kais atputek\u013cot\u0101js, kas pal\u012bdz uzlabot ra\u017eo\u0161anas efektivit\u0101ti un produktu kvalit\u0101ti, samazinot atkritumu daudzumu, padarot procesus efekt\u012bv\u0101kus un palielinot mais\u012b\u0161anas efektivit\u0101ti.<\/p>\n
Atputek\u013co\u0161anas l\u012bdzek\u013ci var ar\u012b aizsarg\u0101t sm\u0113rvielas no korozijas, vienlaikus uzlabojot to stabilit\u0101ti un iztur\u012bbu. Past\u0101v da\u017e\u0101du veidu atputek\u013cot\u0101ji, tostarp silikona, nesilikona un poli\u0113tera atputek\u013cot\u0101ji, kas katrs pied\u0101v\u0101 savu specifisku pielietojumu; viens no \u0161\u0101diem atputek\u013cot\u0101ju savienojumiem satur silikona atputek\u013cot\u0101ju ar gaisto\u0161u negaisto\u0161u nesilikona negaisto\u0161u e\u013c\u013cu pret nodiluma nodiluma no\u0146em\u0161anu hidraulisk\u0101m e\u013c\u013c\u0101m ar augst\u0101m put\u0113\u0161anas pras\u012bb\u0101m - ide\u0101li piem\u0113rots pret nodiluma no\u0146em\u0161anu hidraulisk\u0101m e\u013c\u013c\u0101m ar gaisa izdal\u012b\u0161an\u0101s \u012bpa\u0161\u012bb\u0101m; lieliski atputek\u013co, vienlaikus nodro\u0161inot mazu pat\u0113ri\u0146u, zemu gaisto\u0161umu un uzlabotu uzglab\u0101\u0161anas stabilit\u0101ti izmanto\u0161anai pret nodiluma no\u0146em\u0161anu hidraulisk\u0101m e\u013c\u013c\u0101m ar augstu put\u0113\u0161anas pras\u012bbu, sal\u012bdzinot ar to analogiem.<\/p>\n
Putu veidojo\u0161\u0101s vielas masterbatch ir vieglo plastmasu neat\u0146emama sast\u0101vda\u013ca, kas uzlabo veiktsp\u0113ju un lietojam\u012bbu, pal\u012bdzot ra\u017eot\u0101jiem samazin\u0101t produktu bl\u012bvumu, neapdraudot t\u0101das b\u016btiskas \u012bpa\u0161\u012bbas k\u0101 struktur\u0101l\u0101 integrit\u0101te vai iztur\u012bba. Rezult\u0101t\u0101 uz\u0146\u0113mumi var iev\u0113rojami samazin\u0101t transport\u0113\u0161anas izmaksas, vienlaikus uzlabojot apstr\u0101des \u0101trumu un samazinot materi\u0101lu pat\u0113ri\u0146u.<\/p>\n
Pretputot\u0101ji un atputot\u0101ji darbojas, kav\u0113jot putu veido\u0161anos un iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdinot eso\u0161os burbu\u013cus, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di efekt\u012bvi kav\u0113jot to veido\u0161anos. Tie j\u0101lieto pareiz\u0101 koncentr\u0101cij\u0101; p\u0101r\u0101k liels to daudzums var destabiliz\u0113t izsmidzin\u0101mo \u0161\u0137\u012bdumu, savuk\u0101rt p\u0101r\u0101k mazs daudzums visp\u0101r nenom\u0101c putas.<\/p>\n
Atputek\u013cot\u0101ji parasti sast\u0101v no nejonu virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas, silikona virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas vai augu e\u013c\u013cas koncentr\u0101ta. P\u0113c uzkl\u0101\u0161anas uz virsm\u0101m tie sadala \u016bdens pilienus gais\u0101, lai tie vienm\u0113r\u012bgi un \u0101tri izklied\u0113tos. Citas bie\u017ei sastopam\u0101s putojo\u0161\u0101s vielas ir olu baltumi, s\u016bkalu olbaltumvielas un spanu olbaltumvielas; virsmakt\u012bv\u0101s vielas, kas samazina virsmas spraigumu starp burbu\u013ciem, un mitrin\u0101t\u0101ji, kas pal\u012bdz saglab\u0101t mitrumu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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