{"id":50,"date":"2025-04-16T09:40:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T09:40:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/?p=50"},"modified":"2025-04-22T10:04:23","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T10:04:23","slug":"jak-vyrobit-odpenovaci-prostredek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/how-to-make-defoaming-agent\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak vyrobit odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed prost\u0159edek"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jak vyrobit odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed prost\u0159edek<\/h1>\n

Tvorba p\u011bny v povlakov\u00fdch vrstv\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit vznik povrchov\u00fdch vad, jako jsou ryb\u00ed oka, kr\u00e1tery nebo d\u00edrky. Aby se to neopakovalo, pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed formul\u00e1to\u0159i protip\u011bniv\u00e9 a odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsady - jejich v\u00fdb\u011br a hodnocen\u00ed v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduje d\u016fkladn\u00e9 znalosti mechanismu jejich p\u016fsoben\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch n\u00e1t\u011brov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech.<\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d mus\u00ed b\u00fdt rozpustn\u00fd v p\u011bnic\u00edm m\u00e9diu, rychle pronikat do p\u011bnov\u00fdch lamel a rychle se \u0161\u00ed\u0159it pod\u00e9l rozhran\u00ed plyn-kapalina.<\/p>\n

Polydimethylsiloxan (PDMS)<\/h2>\n

PDMS je ekonomick\u00fd, biokompatibiln\u00ed materi\u00e1l s mnoha mo\u017enostmi vyu\u017eit\u00ed v mikrofluidice. Lze jej p\u0159ipojit k polymer\u016fm, sklu a kovov\u00fdm sou\u010d\u00e1stem a vytvo\u0159it z n\u011bj vestav\u011bn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed; lze jej pou\u017e\u00edt jako elektroosmotickou \u010derpac\u00ed membr\u00e1nu a dokonce i jako vzor pomoc\u00ed fotorezistu k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed mikrofluidn\u00edch kan\u00e1lk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pro \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto probl\u00e9mu lze PDMS oxidovat pomoc\u00ed kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 plazmy, \u010d\u00edm\u017e se na jeho povrchu otev\u0159ou hydroxylov\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e9 reaguj\u00ed s parami silylchloridu za vzniku koncov\u00fdch skupin, s nimi\u017e reaguj\u00ed odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed \u010dinidla. V\u00fdsledkem je, \u017ee odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed prost\u0159edky reaguj\u00edc\u00ed s t\u00edmto povrchem vykazuj\u00ed ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u011bnivost a inhibici ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed silikonov\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edsady, nav\u00edc jsou ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se sv\u00fdmi silikonov\u00fdmi prot\u011bj\u0161ky netoxick\u00e9, snadno dispergovateln\u00e9 a tepeln\u011b stabiln\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Silikonov\u00e9 oleje<\/h2>\n

Silikonov\u00e9 oleje se op\u00edraj\u00ed o rozd\u00edly ve specifick\u00e9 hmotnosti mezi vodn\u00edm roztokem a silikonov\u00fdm olejem, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed specifick\u00e1 hmotnost vodn\u00edho roztoku kles\u00e1 uvnit\u0159 sklivcov\u00fdch dutin, zat\u00edmco ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed specifick\u00e1 hmotnost silikonov\u00e9ho oleje zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee se vzn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed takzvan\u00e9 vztlakov\u00e9 s\u00edly, kter\u00e9 jej vyn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed nahoru.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 silikonov\u00e9 oleje mohou b\u00fdt \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010dem, proto\u017ee jsou leh\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e voda a m\u011bn\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed prask\u00e1n\u00ed p\u011bnov\u00fdch bublin. Nav\u00edc jsou netoxick\u00e9 a snadno se rozpou\u0161t\u011bj\u00ed ve vodn\u00fdch roztoc\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Protip\u011bnidla na b\u00e1zi silikonu vy\u017eaduj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 koncentrace silikon\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt toxick\u00e9 a \u0161kodliv\u00e9 pro lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed, zat\u00edmco rostlinn\u00e9 oleje, jako je jojobov\u00fd olej, maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 protip\u011bniv\u00e9 schopnosti, ale s mnohem ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed; nav\u00edc jejich n\u00edzk\u00fd obsah vody \u010din\u00ed disperzi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje<\/h2>\n

Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje jsou bezbarv\u00e9 sm\u011bsi vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch alkan\u016f bez z\u00e1pachu poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z miner\u00e1ln\u00edch zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed jako vedlej\u0161\u00ed produkty p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ropy na ropn\u00e9 produkty. Historicky se jim tak\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkalo b\u00edl\u00fd nebo paraf\u00ednov\u00fd olej, a to kv\u016fli nep\u0159esnosti jejich n\u00e1zvu, kter\u00fd odr\u00e1\u017eel skute\u010dnost, \u017ee obchodn\u00edci \u010dasto nepot\u0159ebovali nebo necht\u011bli p\u0159esn\u011b zn\u00e1t slo\u017een\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e9ho miner\u00e1ln\u00edho oleje, kter\u00fd prod\u00e1vali nebo pou\u017e\u00edvali jako obchodn\u00ed zbo\u017e\u00ed (Merriam-Webster datuje prvn\u00ed pou\u017eit\u00ed slova \"mineral oil\" do roku 1771!).<\/p>\n

Miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej lze pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely d\u00e1le rafinovat, aby se odstranily p\u0159\u00edsady, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt potenci\u00e1ln\u011b \u0161kodliv\u00e9 pro lidskou spot\u0159ebu, a z\u00edskat tak rafinovan\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed mazivo vhodn\u00e9 pro potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 a farmaceutick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, kter\u00e9 by mohly p\u0159ij\u00edt do styku s potravinami, v\u010detn\u011b p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho kontaktu s potravinami.<\/p>\n

Potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje jsou obecn\u011b oleje bez chuti a z\u00e1pachu rozpustn\u00e9 ve vod\u011b, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed ochranu proti korozi, tak\u017ee jsou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd kontakt s poko\u017ekou. Krom\u011b toho pom\u00e1haj\u00ed udr\u017eovat dehydrataci na uzd\u011b t\u00edm, \u017ee p\u016fsob\u00ed jako ochrann\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra, kter\u00e1 omezuje trans-epiderm\u00e1ln\u00ed ztr\u00e1tu vody.<\/p>\n

Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d rozpustn\u00fd ve vod\u011b<\/h2>\n

Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d rozpustn\u00fd ve vod\u011b m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed vlastnosti a lze jej vyrobit sm\u00edch\u00e1n\u00edm organick\u00e9 k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00e9 slou\u010deniny modifikovan\u00e9 polyetherem s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi alkoholy, povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edmi l\u00e1tkami a oxidem k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fdm. Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi miner\u00e1ln\u00edmi oleji nab\u00edz\u00ed tento odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d v\u00fdhody p\u0159eddispergace a vy\u017eaduje m\u00e9n\u011b energie pro zapracov\u00e1n\u00ed do n\u00e1t\u011brov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n

Odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed \u010dinidlo funguje tak, \u017ee z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nerozpustn\u00e9 v p\u011bniv\u00e9m m\u00e9diu a zabra\u0148uje t\u011bsn\u00e9mu spojen\u00ed mezi molekulami na povrchu filmu, \u010d\u00edm\u017e br\u00e1n\u00ed povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m se stabilizac\u00ed p\u011bny obnovit pru\u017enost filmu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm Marangoniho efektu, a t\u00edm zabr\u00e1nit tvorb\u011b p\u011bny. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de d\u00e1le funguj\u00ed tak, \u017ee podporuj\u00ed odtok kapaln\u00e9ho filmu z p\u011bnov\u00fdch bublin, tak\u017ee praskaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

How to Make Defoaming Agent Foam formation in coating films can cause surface defects such as fisheyes, craters or pinholes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-50","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":65,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50\/revisions\/65"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}