Boyadak\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar \u00f6rt\u00fck q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vacibdir, \u00e7\u00fcnki bu q\u00fcsurlar son s\u0259thinizi z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. K\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fcn pis idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si \u00f6rt\u00fck layih\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0259thin b\u0259rab\u0259rsizliyin\u0259, par\u0131lt\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na, z\u0259if yap\u0131\u015fmaya, iyn\u0259 d\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259, kraterl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259 probleml\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n
Sizin \u00f6rt\u00fck prosesiniz ist\u0259nil\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u2013 piqmentin \u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fclm\u0259si, doldurma v\u0259 ya p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u0259, f\u0131r\u00e7alama v\u0259 rulonlama zaman\u0131 \u2013 k\u00f6p\u00fck yarada bil\u0259r. S\u0259thi aktiv madd\u0259l\u0259r k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc sabitl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k bu problemi daha da \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdirir. Do\u011fru defoamer kimy\u0259vi madd\u0259si h\u0259m su \u0259sasl\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259lledicili sisteml\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259yati vacibdir. Su \u0259sasl\u0131 boyalar daha \u00e7ox diqq\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259b edir, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc daha asan sabitl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Bu m\u0259qal\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 \u0259leyhin\u0259 agentl\u0259rin nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259diyini v\u0259 silikon \u0259sasl\u0131 il\u0259 silikon-suz se\u00e7iml\u0259r aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259sas f\u0259rql\u0259ri izah edir. \u00d6rt\u00fck sisteminiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259t agentini se\u00e7m\u0259yi \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259c\u0259ksiniz. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, su \u0259sasl\u0131 sisteml\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn minimal 0.01%-d\u0259n 0.05%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, h\u0259lledicili \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 daha y\u00fcks\u0259k 0.1%-d\u0259n 0.3%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r dozaj t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rini v\u0259 defoamerin performans\u0131n\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n
Mayed\u0259 ili\u015fib qalan qaz k\u00f6p\u00fck yarad\u0131r ki, bu da \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259rin performans\u0131na \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259r. Boya defoamer\u0131n\u0131n se\u00e7imi baloncalar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 anlay\u0131\u015fdan as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Boyama sisteml\u0259ri iki f\u0259rqli tipd\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirir. Makrofoam<\/strong> K\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259r iri (\u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 >100 \u03bcm) olur v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 qalxaraq g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u00fc s\u0259th qat\u0131n\u0131 \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tirir. Mikrok\u00f6p\u00fck<\/strong> maye filmind\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb qalan daha ki\u00e7ik baloncuklara (ad\u0259t\u0259n 10\u2013100 \u03bcm) malikdir.<\/p>\n Stokes qanunu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, qabarc\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc onun qalxma s\u00fcr\u0259ti il\u0259 birba\u015fa \u0259laq\u0259lidir, bu da makrofoamun tez s\u0259th\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131, mikrofoamun is\u0259 yerind\u0259 qalmas\u0131n\u0131 izah edir. \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn viskozlu\u011fu da qabarc\u0131qlar\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259sir edir \u2014 daha viskoz \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259r h\u0259r \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259ki qabarc\u0131qlar\u0131 l\u0259ngidir.<\/p>\n Ki\u00e7ik mikrok\u00f6p\u00fck baloncalar\u0131 unikal \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r yarad\u0131r. Onlar \u00f6rt\u00fck qurumam\u0131\u015f qa\u00e7ma\u011fa imkan tapm\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n hava s\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131, b\u0259rab\u0259r olmayan r\u0259ng v\u0259 \u015f\u0259ffafl\u0131q probleml\u0259ri kimi keyfiyy\u0259t \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlar\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Mikrok\u00f6p\u00fck \u00e7ox vaxt bariyer x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini pozan iyn\u0259 d\u0259likl\u0259ri yarad\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259traf m\u00fchit amill\u0259rinin hava \u015f\u0259raiti z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 yol a\u00e7mas\u0131na imkan verir.<\/p>\n T\u0259miz mayel\u0259r k\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tirmir. Boya k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc daha sabit ed\u0259n bir \u00e7ox s\u0259thi-aktiv madd\u0259 ehtiva edir. S\u0259thi-aktiv molekullar boyadak\u0131 hava baloncuklar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edir, sudan qa\u00e7an uclar\u0131 havaya, su sev\u0259n uclar\u0131 is\u0259 mayey\u0259 bax\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu, k\u00f6p\u00fck lamellas\u0131 yarad\u0131r \u2014 s\u0259thi aktiv madd\u0259nin ikiqat qatq\u0131s\u0131 olan v\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck divar\u0131n\u0131 sabit saxlayan qatlamad\u0131r. S\u0259thi aktiv madd\u0259 molekullar\u0131 elektrik ikiqat y\u00fck qatq\u0131s\u0131 yarad\u0131r ki, osmotik t\u0259zyiq onu saxlay\u0131r. Lamella nazikl\u0259\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flayanda daha \u00e7ox maye c\u0259lb edir ki, bu da k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc daha da sabitl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n K\u00f6p\u00fck \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6mr\u00fc boyu yaran\u0131r. Pigmentin \u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fclm\u0259si v\u0259 ya emal prosesi kimi istehsal m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri havan\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 edir. Nasoslama v\u0259 konteyner doldurma da qaz baloncuklar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 sal\u0131r.<\/p>\n F\u0259rqli t\u0259tbiq \u00fcsullar\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u0259 hava \u0259lav\u0259 edir. F\u0131r\u00e7alama, rulonlama v\u0259 p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131 baloncalar yarad\u0131r. Taxta v\u0259 ya beton kimi g\u00f6zenekli s\u0259thl\u0259r n\u0259m \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259r\u0259 hava it\u0259l\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k daha \u00e7ox k\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Avadanl\u0131qdak\u0131 hava s\u0131zmalar\u0131, y\u00fcks\u0259k ax\u0131nl\u0131 nasoslar v\u0259 h\u0259tta deterjanlarla t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259r. Qat\u0131la\u015fma zaman\u0131 ba\u015f ver\u0259n kimy\u0259vi reaksiyalar, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 poliizosiyanatlar kimi reaktiv sisteml\u0259rd\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tir\u0259n qazlar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Defoamerl\u0259rin effektivliyi bu ixtisasla\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u0259lav\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b kimyas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259r bir n\u00f6v \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259r t\u0259qdim edir v\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fck sisteml\u0259rind\u0259 ist\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc azaltmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi mexanizml\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n Silikon \u0259sasl\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar \u00fcst\u00fcn k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259ti qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri say\u0259sind\u0259 bazar\u0131 idar\u0259 edir. \u018fsas formas\u0131 polidimetilsiloksan (PDMS) istifad\u0259 edir ki, bu, t\u0259xmin\u0259n 20 mN\/m s\u0259th g\u0259rginliyin\u0259 v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k kimy\u0259vi inertliy\u0259 malikdir. T\u0259miz PDMS is\u0259 h\u0259llolunmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n su \u0259sasl\u0131 sisteml\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 bu, probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130stehsal\u00e7\u0131lar bu m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn poli\u00e9terl\u0259 modifikasiya olunmu\u015f siloksanlar haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar. Bu kopolimerl\u0259r reaktiv siloksanlar v\u0259 polietilen\/polipropilen qlikol efirl\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259ld\u0259 edilir v\u0259 balansl\u0131 \u201cspesifik uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259m\u0259\u201d t\u0259min edir. Formulyatorlar bu silikon poli\u00e9terl\u0259rin hidrofilik\/hidrofobik xarakterini t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011fu inc\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259m\u0259 \u0259leyhin\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259ni qoruya bil\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n Silikonsuz alternativl\u0259r, silikonlar yenid\u0259n \u00f6rtm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259sir etdikd\u0259 v\u0259 ya pH s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259ri ideal 5\u20139 diapazonundan k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qda n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259yin \u0259la yoludur. Bu k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar s\u0259thi g\u0259rginliyi minimalla\u015fd\u0131ran polimerl\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edir v\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck s\u0259thl\u0259rind\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 yay\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Suya \u0259saslanan formulalar hidrofob hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n poliurea v\u0259 poliamid sisteml\u0259rind\u0259n faydalan\u0131r. Bu polimerik k\u00f6p\u00fck s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u0259nl\u0259r silikon variantlarla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 daha geni\u015f pH diapazonunda (3\u201312) yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259yir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc sisteml\u0259r qeyri-polar v\u0259 \u015fax\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f polimerl\u0259rl\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck g\u00f6st\u0259rir, formulatorlara k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259t intensivliyi v\u0259 s\u0259th bitirm\u0259 keyfiyy\u0259ti \u00fczr\u0259 se\u00e7im imkan\u0131 yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Mineral ya\u011f defoamerl\u0259ri 85\u201395 % mineral ya\u011f v\u0259 1\u201331 % hidrofobik hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t qar\u0131\u015f\u0131qla iqtisadi h\u0259ll\u0259r t\u0259qdim edir. Bu hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r\u2014ad\u0259t\u0259n hidrofobik silika, mumlar v\u0259 ya s\u0259thl\u0259ri kobud materiallar\u2014\u201cpin-effekti\u201d vasit\u0259sil\u0259 vacib rol oynay\u0131r; bu effekt defoamer damc\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6p\u00fck lamellalar\u0131na n\u00fcfuz etm\u0259 \u0259ng\u0259lini azald\u0131r.<\/p>\n Fluoresan mikroskopiya t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, bu hidrofobik hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 fazal\u0131 t\u0259mas x\u0259tti yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toplan\u0131r v\u0259 bu, k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259rin birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. Bu mineral ya\u011f de\u015fumidl\u0259yicil\u0259ri silikon alternativl\u0259rind\u0259n daha ucuz olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259rin potensial par\u0131lt\u0131 azalmas\u0131ndan daha \u00f6n\u0259mli oldu\u011fu t\u0259tbiql\u0259rd\u0259 etibarl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n Boyaya defoamer se\u00e7imi \u00f6rt\u00fck sisteminizin t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanan f\u0259rdi yana\u015fma t\u0259l\u0259b edir. T\u0259k bir h\u0259ll b\u00fct\u00fcn formulalar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k. H\u0259r bir sistem\u0259 effektivlikl\u0259 uy\u011funlu\u011fu tarazlayan \u00f6z defoaming strategiyas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n Suda \u0259saslanan \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259r x\u00fcsusi k\u00f6p\u00fcks\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 ehtiyac duyur, \u00e7\u00fcnki suyun y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259th g\u0259rginliyi sonradan k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc sabitl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n s\u0259thi aktiv madd\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 azald\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hidrofobik polisiloksan-poliet\u0259r kopolimerl\u0259ri bu sisteml\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259ni verir v\u0259 minimal \u00e7\u00f6k\u0259klikl\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00f6p\u00fcks\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u0259 t\u0259min edir. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc formulalar daha az aqressiv k\u00f6p\u00fcks\u00f6nd\u00fcrm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac duyur, lakin fisheye kimi s\u0259thi q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha yax\u015f\u0131 uy\u011funluq t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n Sizin qatran baz\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fczg\u00fcn defoamer se\u00e7ilm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynay\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, mineral ya\u011f \u0259sasl\u0131 defoamerl\u0259r matdan orta par\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 akril sisteml\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fundur, lakin y\u00fcks\u0259k par\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 t\u0259tbiql\u0259rd\u0259 par\u0131lt\u0131 t\u0259yininin azalmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Alkid qatranlar\u0131 polisiloksan kimi silikon \u0259sasl\u0131 defoamerl\u0259rl\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259yir. Epoksi v\u0259 poliuretan sisteml\u0259ri ad\u0259t\u0259n h\u0259m isti, h\u0259m d\u0259 soyuq \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k uy\u011funluqlu orqanosilikonlara ehtiyac duyur.<\/p>\n T\u0259tbiq zaman\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fcn harada \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259ldiyini bilm\u0259k h\u0259yati vacibdir. Rulonla t\u0259tbiq p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u0259 v\u0259 ya f\u0131r\u00e7a il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 daha \u00e7ox t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f hava yarad\u0131r. Taxta kimi g\u00f6zenekli s\u0259thl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259tbiql\u0259r s\u0259thd\u0259n n\u0259m \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u0259 hava \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alan daha g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n Vaxtlama defoamerin performans\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259rq yarad\u0131r. \u018fzm\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259nm\u0259ni azaltmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn piqmentl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l y\u00fcks\u0259k uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259n, k\u0259silm\u0259y\u0259 davaml\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259lidir. Letdown m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si defoamerl\u0259ri is\u0259 daha uy\u011fun olmal\u0131 v\u0259 k\u0259silm\u0259ni minimuma endirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sonuncu \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259lidir. \u201cDefoamerl\u0259rin \u0259lav\u0259 olunma s\u0131ras\u0131 kritikdir.\u201d.<\/p>\n X\u00fcsusi k\u00f6p\u00fck probleml\u0259rinizi diqq\u0259tl\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irin. S\u0259thi k\u00f6p\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan defoamerl\u0259r mikrok\u00f6p\u00fckd\u0259n yaranan pin d\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 istifad\u0259 olunan defoamerl\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqlidir. Defoamerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc yan t\u0259sirl\u0259rl\u0259 tarazlay\u0131n \u2013 az miqdar hava qabarc\u0131qlar\u0131na v\u0259 daha uzun \u00fcy\u00fctm\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur, \u00e7ox miqdar is\u0259 kraterl\u0259r kimi s\u0259thi q\u00fcsurlar yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Etibarl\u0131 defoamer qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259tini v\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fck uy\u011funlu\u011funu \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 yaln\u0131z sistemli test \u00fcsullar\u0131na ehtiyac var. obyektiv testl\u0259r d\u00fczg\u00fcn defoameri se\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir v\u0259 istehsal m\u00fchitl\u0259rind\u0259 sabit performans t\u0259min edir.<\/p>\n K\u00f6p\u00fck h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc metodu k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259liliyini tez qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir f\u00fcrs\u0259tdir. Proses, k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 edilmi\u015f boyan\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259 fincan\u0131na yerl\u0259\u015fdirib mikro-kompressor vasit\u0259sil\u0259 hava daxil etdiyiniz zaman ba\u015flay\u0131r. Maye s\u0259viyy\u0259sinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 d\u0259rhal \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyiniz m\u00fcqayis\u0259li m\u0259lumatlarda daha yax\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131rma t\u0259sirini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu metod s\u00fcr\u0259tli ilkin yoxlama \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uy\u011fundur, lakin tam m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259ni \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha \u00e7ox test t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n Rulon t\u0259tbiqi testl\u0259ri s\u0259th k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc probleml\u0259rinin ad\u0259t\u0259n yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 real \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259rin nec\u0259 getdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. S\u00f6hb\u0259t porsuz s\u0259thd\u0259 s\u00fcng\u0259r rulonu il\u0259 eyni miqdarda boya t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259kd\u0259n gedir. Qatlaman\u0131n qurutma sonras\u0131 s\u0259thind\u0259 0\u201310 \u015fkala \u00fczr\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r. 4 xal baloncuklar\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 1 xal is\u0259 ciddi baloncuk probleml\u0259rinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu test makrofoam performans\u0131na \u2013 t\u0259tbiq zaman\u0131 yaranan b\u00f6y\u00fck, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n baloncuklara \u2013 bax\u0131r.<\/p>\n X\u0131rda film testi uy\u011funluq probleml\u0259ri v\u0259 s\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat verir. Proses y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u00fcr\u0259tli qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 il\u0259 formulaya hava qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qda ba\u015flay\u0131r. Qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qdan d\u0259rhal sonra k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u00fc n\u00fcmun\u0259 s\u0259th\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilir. Qurudulmu\u015f film\u0259 vizual bax\u0131\u015f kraterl\u0259r, bulan\u0131ql\u0131q, par\u0131lt\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 v\u0259 pin-delikl\u0259r kimi q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 a\u015fkar edir. 0\u20135 \u015fkala n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir \u2013 0 \u00e7ox krater (uy\u011fun g\u0259lm\u0259zlik) dem\u0259kdir, 5 is\u0259 kratersiz m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l uy\u011funluq dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n S\u0131xl\u0131q testi t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f havan\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcr v\u0259 viskoz materiallarla \u0259la i\u015fl\u0259yir. Viskoz boyalar hava qabarc\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 sal\u0131r v\u0259 saxta h\u0259cm g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259ri yarad\u0131r, halbuki viskoz olmayan mayel\u0259rd\u0259 hava asanl\u0131qla \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Boyan\u0131n s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 defoamerli v\u0259 defoamersiz m\u00fcqayis\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f havan\u0131n faizini hesablay bil\u0259rsiniz. Y\u00fcks\u0259k viskozlu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn seyreldilm\u0259 \u00fcsulu k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259 bil\u0259r \u2013 onlar\u0131 q\u0259bul edil\u0259n seyreldici il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l t\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f havan\u0131 burax\u0131r.<\/p>\n H\u0259r bir test metodu defoamerin performans\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif aspektl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. \u018fn yax\u015f\u0131 test yana\u015fmas\u0131 bu metodlar\u0131 sizin konkret istehsal v\u0259 t\u0259tbiq \u015f\u0259raitiniz\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birl\u0259\u015fdirir.<\/p>\n Boyadak\u0131 defoamer \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn keyfiyy\u0259tind\u0259 h\u0259yati rol oynay\u0131r. K\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fcn idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si kimi m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259zif\u0259 boya formulatorlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu, s\u0259thin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 v\u0259 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011fa t\u0259sir edir. K\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sini d\u0259rind\u0259n anlamaq do\u011fru defoamerin se\u00e7ilm\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n Defoamerl\u0259r boya formulalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ox ki\u00e7ik bir hiss\u0259sini t\u0259\u015fkil edir, lakin \u00f6rt\u00fck performans\u0131na t\u0259siri b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr. Sizin konkret ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131z silikon \u0259sasl\u0131, silikon-suz v\u0259 ya mineral ya\u011f n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n hans\u0131n\u0131 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259yinizi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. Silikon poli\u00e9terl\u0259ri \u0259la i\u015fl\u0259yir, lakin yenid\u0259n \u00f6rtm\u0259 probleml\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Polimerik variantlar ekstremal pH \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259 verir, lakin daha bahal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Do\u011fru k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131ran vasit\u0259ni se\u00e7m\u0259k bir ne\u00e7\u0259 amili eyni anda n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Su \u0259sasl\u0131 sisteml\u0259r h\u0259lledicili \u0259sasl\u0131 sisteml\u0259r\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha g\u00fccl\u00fc k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131rma t\u0259l\u0259b edir. K\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131ran vasit\u0259 sizin rezin sisteminiz\u0259 \u2013 akril, alkid, epoksi v\u0259 ya poliuretan \u2013 uy\u011fun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u0259tbiq \u00fcsulu da vacibdir. Rulo il\u0259 t\u0259tbiq p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u0259 il\u0259 yaranan k\u00f6p\u00fck probleml\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli k\u00f6p\u00fck probleml\u0259ri yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n S\u0131naqlar tam istehsala ba\u015flamazdan \u0259vv\u0259l k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259y\u0259rini s\u00fcbut edir. S\u00fcr\u0259tli k\u00f6p\u00fck h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc testl\u0259ri ilkin performans\u0131 yoxlay\u0131r. Rulon testl\u0259ri real \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 nec\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259diyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. S\u00fcrtm\u0259 film testl\u0259ri istehsalda sonradan ortaya \u00e7\u0131xa bil\u0259c\u0259k uy\u011funluq probleml\u0259rini a\u015fkar edir.<\/p>\n Formulyatorlar k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259ti il\u0259 yan t\u0259sirl\u0259r aras\u0131nda ideal tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tapmal\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u00c7ox az defoamer baloncalar v\u0259 istehsal probleml\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. \u00c7ox defoamer is\u0259 kraterl\u0259r v\u0259 z\u0259if yap\u0131\u015fma yarad\u0131r. M\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l defoamer yeni probleml\u0259r yaratmadan k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc dayand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n K\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259ti h\u0259m elmi, h\u0259m d\u0259 praktik t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fdirir. Bu m\u0259qal\u0259 siz\u0259 defoamerl\u0259ri sistemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 se\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bilik verir. Sizin \u00f6rt\u00fckl\u0259riniz m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ril\u0259rinizin ehtiyac duydu\u011fu m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l sonlu\u011fu t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n Q1. Boya defoamerl\u0259ri k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc nec\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t edir?<\/strong> Boyadak\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259ri bir arada saxlayan s\u0259thi aktiv madd\u0259l\u0259ri destabilizasiya etm\u0259kl\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Onlar maye s\u0259thind\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 yay\u0131laraq s\u0259thi g\u0259rginliyi azald\u0131r v\u0259 k\u00f6p\u00fck lamelalar\u0131n\u0131 nazikl\u0259\u015fdirir. Bu, k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259rin partlamas\u0131na daha meylli olmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 boya t\u0259tbiqi zaman\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc effektiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 aradan qald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Q2. Boya defoamerl\u0259rinin \u0259sas n\u00f6vl\u0259ri hans\u0131lard\u0131r?<\/strong> Boyadak\u0131 \u0259sas k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar silikon \u0259sasl\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, PDMS v\u0259 poli\u00e9ter siloksanlar) v\u0259 silikon olmayan k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edir. Q3. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u00f6rt\u00fck \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fczg\u00fcn defoamer-i nec\u0259 se\u00e7irsiniz?<\/strong> D\u00fczg\u00fcn defoamerin se\u00e7ilm\u0259si \u00f6rt\u00fck sistemi (su \u0259sasl\u0131 v\u0259 ya h\u0259lledicili), rezin n\u00f6v\u00fc (akril, alkid, epoksi v\u0259 ya PU), t\u0259tbiq \u00fcsulu v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 edilm\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si kimi amill\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Defoamerin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcmk\u00fcn yan t\u0259sirl\u0259rl\u0259 tarazlamaq v\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fczd\u0259ki m\u00f6vcud k\u00f6p\u00fck \u0259laq\u0259li q\u00fcsurlar\u0131 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k vacibdir.<\/p>\n Q4. Defoamer performans\u0131n\u0131 yoxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u0259zi \u00fcmumi test \u00fcsullar\u0131 hans\u0131lard\u0131r?<\/strong> \u00dcmumi s\u0131naq \u00fcsullar\u0131na ilkin yoxlama \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6p\u00fck h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc metodu, makro k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fcn a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn rulon t\u0259tbiqi testl\u0259ri, s\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hlili \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0131zma film testl\u0259ri v\u0259 hava tutulmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0131xl\u0131q testl\u0259ri daxildir. Bu testl\u0259r h\u0259m k\u00f6p\u00fck n\u0259zar\u0259tinin effektivliyini, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fck uy\u011funlu\u011funu qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n Q5. \u00c7ox miqdarda k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k boyada probleml\u0259r yarada bil\u0259rmi?<\/strong> B\u0259li, defoamer-d\u0259n h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q istifad\u0259 s\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131na, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n kraterl\u0259r\u0259, bal\u0131qg\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 yap\u0131\u015fma probleml\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r. Defoamer-in yeni q\u00fcsurlar yaratmadan k\u00f6p\u00fcy\u00fc effektiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 aradan qald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn tarazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tapmaq vacibdir. D\u00fczg\u00fcn dozaj \u00f6rt\u00fck sistemind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq ad\u0259t\u0259n 0,01%-d\u0259n 0,3%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259yi\u015fir.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" How Paint Defoamer Actually Work: Expert Guide to Foam Control Paint defoamer are vital to prevent coating defects that can […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":117,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114\/revisions\/117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/defoamingagent.net\/azb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Y\u00fczey aktiv madd\u0259l\u0259rin k\u00f6p\u00fck sabitliyin\u0259 t\u0259siri<\/h3>\n
K\u00f6p\u00fck\u00fcn \u018fn Yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri: Emal, Doldurma v\u0259 T\u0259tbiq<\/h3>\n
Boyada istifad\u0259 olunan defoamer n\u00f6vl\u0259ri v\u0259 onlar\u0131n kimyas\u0131<\/h2>\n
Silikon \u0259sasl\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar: PDMS v\u0259 poli\u00e9ter siloksanlar<\/h3>\n
Silikonsuz defoamer: poliurea v\u0259 poliamid sisteml\u0259ri<\/h3>\n
Hidrofilik hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r\u0259 malik mineral ya\u011f \u0259sasl\u0131 k\u00f6p\u00fck aradan qald\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar<\/h3>\n
\u00d6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fczg\u00fcn defoamer-i nec\u0259 se\u00e7m\u0259k<\/h2>\n
Suda \u0259saslanan v\u0259 h\u0259lledicili sisteml\u0259rin uy\u011funlu\u011fu<\/h3>\n
Rezin\u0259 Xas Se\u00e7im: Akril, Alkid, Epoksi, PU<\/h3>\n
T\u0259tbiq \u00fcsulu \u00fczr\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131 m\u0259qamlar: p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtm\u0259, f\u0131r\u00e7a, rulo<\/h3>\n
\u018flav\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si: \u00fcy\u00fctm\u0259, ax\u0131tma v\u0259 ya t\u0259tbiq<\/h3>\n
Cari k\u00f6p\u00fck\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si<\/h3>\n
Defoamer Performans\u0131n\u0131n S\u0131na\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 Qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si<\/h2>\n
Orijinal s\u00fczm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u00f6p\u00fck h\u00fcnd\u00fcrl\u00fcy\u00fc metodu<\/h3>\n
Makrok\u00f6p\u00fck a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn rulon t\u0259tbiq testi<\/h3>\n
S\u0259th q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hlili \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn film c\u0131zma testi<\/h3>\n
Hava t\u0259l\u0259si \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0131xl\u0131q testi<\/h3>\n
N\u0259tic\u0259<\/h2>\n
Tez-tez veril\u0259n suallar<\/h2>\n
\n(m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, poliurea v\u0259 poliamid sisteml\u0259ri) v\u0259 hidrofobik hiss\u0259cikl\u0259r\u0259 malik mineral ya\u011f defoameri. H\u0259r bir n\u00f6v\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259ri var v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6rt\u00fck sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fundur.<\/p>\n